Abstract: Under the background of the digital transformation of education, digital empowerment of teachers’ professional development has become the mainstream discourse in the field of education, presenting new opportunities and challenges for teachers’ professional growth. The application of digital empowerment in teachers’ professional development is extensive, including the acceleration of teachers’ professional concept updates through data-driven approaches, the expansion of teachers’ professional knowledge boundaries through digital resources, the advancement of teachers’ professional capabilities through intelligent technologies, and the stimulation of teachers’ professional sentiments through virtual communities. However, the risk of alienation is hidden within, specifically manifested as the emotional alienation of teachers’ professional concepts, the authoritative alienation of teachers’ professional knowledge, the temporal alienation of teachers’ professional capabilities, and the role alienation of teachers’ professional sentiments. Based on this, the possible paths to achieve digital empowerment of teachers’ professional development include deepening the intrinsic connection between teachers, technology, and education by relying on the theory of human-technology relationship; promoting the comprehensive return of teachers with a focus on human-machine alignment; and building a digital intelligence education ecosystem as a guarantee through system co-construction.